Wer "zwei Bäume" [unqualifiziert] inmitten des Feldes seines Nachbarn kauft, erwirbt kein Land [um ihn herum]. R. Meir sagt: Er erwirbt Land. Wenn sie wachsen, darf er [der Besitzer des Landes] sie nicht schneiden [obwohl ihr Schatten seinem Land schadet. Denn da der Besitzer der Bäume kein Land hat (so versteht es sich), hat der Besitzer des Feldes sein Land für alle ihre Bedürfnisse an ihn "gebunden", solange sie dort sind.] Und was wächst aus dem Stamm [ dh was auch immer über dem Boden ist, die Sonne "sehen"] ist sein [der Baumbesitzer. Nicht, dass er es dort wachsen lassen sollte; denn wir befürchten, dass der Boden steigen könnte, bis ein Teil des aus dem Stamm wachsenden Baumes damit bedeckt ist, so dass der Eindruck von drei Bäumen entsteht und der Käufer zu ihm sagen könnte: "Du hast mir drei Bäume verkauft und ich besitze ( ihr Land." (siehe unten) Aber er muss es schneiden und verbrennen.] Und (was wächst) aus den Wurzeln [dh was auch immer unter der Erde ist] gehört dem Landbesitzer. Und wenn sie starben [dh wenn die Bäume austrockneten], hat er (der Baumbesitzer) kein Land [auf dem er andere an ihrer Stelle pflanzen kann]. Wenn er drei (Bäume) kaufte, erwirbt er das Land, [es ist als "Baumfeld" betrachtet, und er erwirbt das Land zwischen Baum und Baum und unter ihnen und seitlich den vollen (Raum) eines Obstpflückers und seines Korbs, damit er dort mit seinem Korb und stehen kann wählen. Dies, wenn zwischen Baum und Baum nicht weniger als vier Ellen und nicht mehr als sechzehn Ellen sind. Erst dann erwirbt er das Land wie angegeben. Aber wenn zwischen Baum und Baum weniger als vier Ellen oder mehr als sechzehn Ellen sind, erwirbt er das Land nicht.] Wenn sie wachsen, kann er (der Feldbesitzer) sie schneiden. Und was aus dem Stamm und aus den Wurzeln wächst, ist sein (der Baumbesitzer). Und wenn sie starben, hat er (der Baumbesitzer) Land (auf dem er sie neu pflanzen kann).
Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
הקונה שני אילנות – undefined, he did not purchase the land surrounding it at all.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Introduction
Mishnah four deals with the a person who buys trees in another person’s field and whether or not the buyer has acquired the land on which the trees grow.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
הגדילו – the boughs became wider.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Our mishnah begins with a dispute between Rabbi Meir and the Sages. According to the Sages when a person buys two trees he has not bought the ground they are on, and according to Rabbi Meir he has bought the ground. The remainder of section one goes according to the Sages. Section 1b states that if the trees grow branches the seller, who still owns the land, may not trim them. Although these branches now cover land that he did not sell, and when he sold the tree these branches were not there, by selling the tree he tacitly gives permission to the buyer to let the branches grow. Section 1c states that anything that grows from the tree above ground belongs to the buyer and anything below ground still belongs to the seller/landowner. Finally, if the trees die, the buyer may not plant there new trees. Since he didn’t buy the land, when the trees die he has totally lost his acquisition.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
לא ישפה – the owner of the land should not cut them, even though their shade is destroying his land, for since the owner of the trees has no land, the owner of the land mortgaged to him (i.e., the owner of the trees) for all their needs all the while that they are existing.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
If he bought three trees, he has bought the ground [between them]. When they grow he may trim them, And what comes up whether from the stem or from the roots belongs to him (the. And if they die the ground is his. In section two we learn that the laws are different when one acquires three trees. In that case the person has acquired the land. If the trees should grown branches that overhang into the seller’s property he may trim them. Anything that grows from the tree, even below the ground, belongs to the buyer. Furthermore, if the trees die he may plant there new trees.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
גזע – whatever is above the ground and sees the face of the sun.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Questions for Further Thought: • Why may the seller trim the trees if he sold three to the buyer but not if he sold two?
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
שרשין – whatever is below the ground [level].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
שלו – of the owner of the tree, and he should leave it there and let it grow, for we suspect lest the ground rise until it covers the tree coming out of the stump, part of which is in the ground, and they will see something like three trees and the purchase will say: “You sold me three trees and I have land” but he should cut it and burn it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
ואם מתו – the tree dried up.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
אין לו קרקע – where he is able to plant another [tree] in its place.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
קנה קרקע – for they are considered to be an orchard and he bought the land that is between one tree and another tree. But under them and outside of them is the fulness of fig collector and his basket, in order that he can stand, he can harvest his fruits with his basket. And these words [apply] when there is between one tree and another tree no less than four cubits, but no more than sixteen cubits. Then, he purchased the land between each tree and what is under them. And outside of it, as we have stated, but if there is less than four cubits between each tree, or more than sixteen cubits, he did not purchase the land.
